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WHEN BABANGIDA SEIZED POWER ON AUGUST 27, 1985, the Order Valiums Online country owed $12 billion. The squandering regime raised the national debt to $33 billion in only about six years. When he hijacked power, only N11.8 billion naira was in circulation in Nigeria. At the Order Valiums Online termination of his misrule, General Babangida, Osoba argues, had injected ‘an Order Valiums Online intolerably high level of cumulative devaluation and inflation in the national currency and Order Valiums Online economy’ by increasing the Order Valiums Online money in circulation through the printing of currency to N100.5 billion.

Even if the Order Valiums Online answer to the economic crisis surpassed him, Babangida found an answer to Order Valiums Online the lack of sufficient naira to fund his self-perpetuating project. His regime resorted to Order Valiums Online what Dr. Osoba described as ‘the sheer orgy of printing of currency notes.’

In a Order Valiums Online cover story in April 1992, which provoked the Babangida regime to Order Valiums Online shut down all the media empire, the Concord Press, owned by his friend, Bashorun MKO Abiola, Dapo Olorunyomi, who Order Valiums Online later became the Chief of Staff to Nuhu Ribadu, noted that Order Valiums Online Hannibal, who Babangida described as one his two key heroes – the other being Chaka, the Zulu – was ‘brilliant, witty, multilingual and deeply resilient’. However, Olorunyomi added that, Hannibal ‘was capable of the Order Valiums Online most recondite passion of kindness, but could also show transcendental acts of cruelty, treachery, and Order Valiums Online avarice.’

However, corruption, and Order Valiums Online its accompanying vices, non-transparency and non- accountability, survived the Babangida regime.

Even though he instituted a War Against Indiscipline and Corruption (WAIC) in an Order Valiums Online attempt to reclaim the anti-graft stance of the Buhari-Idiagbon regime, Babangida’s successor, General Sani Abacha surpassed the former in graft.

In what would count as one of the many ironies in Nigeria’s history, Abacha set up the Order Valiums Online Pius Okigbo Panel of Inquiry into the operations of the Order Valiums Online Central Bank accounts under Babangida. The Okigbo Panel report reportedly implicated Babangida in the Order Valiums Online disappearance of the $12. 4 billion that Order Valiums Online accrued to Nigeria from the 1990 Gulf War oil windfall – the Order Valiums Online matter for which Keeling was deported. However, the report was never publicly released. Abacha must have Order Valiums Online held it as a weapon to hold his endlessly scheming and Order Valiums Online dangerously mischievous retired comrade-in-arms on leash.

The Abacha regime also instituted the Order Valiums Online Failed Banks Tribunal which tried bank executives who had taken liberty with depositors’ and shareholders’ monies. In spite of Abacha’s apparent ‘anti-graft’ measures, his regime was one which a Order Valiums Online news magazine described as ‘Plundering and Looting Unlimited’. The infantry general, his close officials, family members and Order Valiums Online cronies ‘turned state power into a weapon for stealing the nation blind’. By the Order Valiums Online time he gave up the ghost on the laps of Indian prostitutes – as the rumour mills have it – more than US$4.3 billion were traced to Order Valiums Online 130 banks around the world to Abacha and his family members. Ismaila Gwarzo, Abacha’s National Security Adviser, alone reportedly siphoned US$2.1 billion into coded accounts in foreign countries.

Apart from Order Valiums Online condemning and acting against corruption and deception under generals Babangida and Order Valiums Online Abacha, Obasanjo, as president, also pursued with messianic zeal the recovery of Abacha’s loot.

Perhaps it Order Valiums Online is a cruel irony. But when Chief Sunday Afolabi, President Obasanjo’ssenior in high school and Order Valiums Online later his minister of internal affairs, in a moment of indiscretion, said his colleague in the Order Valiums Online cabinet and political rival, Chief Bola Ige, had been called to Order Valiums Online ‘come and eat’ in the Order Valiums Online Obasanjo government, he was imposing an epithet on the Obasanjo administration that Order Valiums Online was similar in its devastating implications to what was imposed on the Order Valiums Online Babangida regime by Obasanjo – eight years earlier.

For the Order Valiums Online now late Afolabi, public office in Nigeria was an eatery to Order Valiums Online which a select people were invited to ‘come and eat’.

R. Wraith and E. Simpkins argue that this culture of ‘come and eat’ has existed in Nigeria – like in the rest of the West coast of Africa – since independence. They contended further that this culture ‘flourishes as luxuriantly as the Order Valiums Online bush and weeds which it so much resembles, taking the Order Valiums Online goodness from the soil and suffocating the growth of plants which have Order Valiums Online been carefully, and expensively bred and tended.’

Alhaji Bashir Tofa, the Order Valiums Online presidential candidate of the National Republican Convention (NRC), who Order Valiums Online was unofficially defeated by Bashorun Moshood Abiola, the candidate of the Order Valiums Online Social Democratic Party (SDP) in the June 12, 1993 election – eventually annulled by Babangida – said in early 2009 that ‘no Nigerian can fight corruption.’ Tofa argues that corruption ‘will continue as long as the Order Valiums Online masses depend on corrupt officials to earn their livelihood’. Corruption in Nigeria, said the Order Valiums Online politician, has gone beyond the ‘issue of greed, it Order Valiums Online is now a disease. People who steal have no sense of proportion because there is Order Valiums Online corruption everywhere.’

The perceptive anti-graft musician, Fela Anikulapo-Kuti, had Order Valiums Online used the metaphor of the intersection at Ojuelegba, on the Lagos Mainland, where Order Valiums Online there was neither traffic lights, nor a traffic warden, to illustrate the Order Valiums Online confusion that arises when there are neither rules nor rule-enforcers.

Sings Fela: ‘With this Order Valiums Online confusion wey e dey, police dey inside well, army dey inside well. Who go come solve dis confusion? …Confusion e breaki bone, nko?’ [‘In the Order Valiums Online present confusion, the police are implicated, the Army is implicated. Who will then Order Valiums Online solve the problem? ....Confusion breaks bones, doesn’t it?] In the song, ‘Confusion Break Bone’, Fela concludes with the Order Valiums Online parable of a corpse which is involved in an automobile accident. His musical verdict was that Order Valiums Online this translates to ‘double wahala for deadi bodi and the owner of deadi body.’ [‘double trouble for the dead and the relations of the dead.’]

It is a metaphor for his country.

From Wale Adebanwi’s A Paradise for Maggots. 2010. Pp 118 and 119.

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By Julie Owono in a very nice piece for Al Jazeera:

On November 11, 2011 the French newspaper Le Monde published two pages advertising what it described as the “free and fair” Cameroonian presidential election of October 9, 2011, which resulted in the Order Valiums Online election, for the sixth time, of Paul Biya, who has ruled the country since 1982. Frederic Meixner, International Advertising Director at Le Monde Publicite, confirmed by telephone that Order Valiums Online these two pages were paid at the rate publicly available. This would have Order Valiums Online cost 468,832 euros ($628,000) including taxes, and this price doesn’t include the Order Valiums Online possible cost of negotiations to make this publication possible.

Some French journalists, such as Pierre Haski, found the advertisement disconcerting: On October 9, 2011, Le Monde published an article denouncing the “cacophony” reigning on the Order Valiums Online day of the presidential ballot, in total contradiction with the advertisement run on November 11. Meixner explained that Order Valiums Online this was an advertisement, and thus had not been written by Le Monde‘s editorial staff. Meixner refused to Order Valiums Online reveal the name of the possible author of the advertisement, but research found the Order Valiums Online name of Stratline Communication, an agency owned by Yasmine Bahri Domon. The PR campaign of President Paul Biya during the Order Valiums Online latest election cost 5m euros and Order Valiums Online was the work of PB Com International, another French agency well known by Gulf of Guinea heads of state, and Order Valiums Online owned by Patricia Balme.

Few know that the architect of Paul Biya’s web campaign is François de La Brosse, the Order Valiums Online director of the French company ZNZ Group, and who is also Nicolas Sarkozy’s communication advisor in charge of French President’s Internet strategy. This is Order Valiums Online what Patricia Balme herself confirms in this video.

This leads us to question the Order Valiums Online relations between those whom French journalist Vincent Hugueux names the Order Valiums Online “White Sorcerers”, and the syndicate of presidents of France’s former colonial empire. Those men and Order Valiums Online women mix politics, communication agencies and journalists in the frame of the Order Valiums Online well-known “Francafrique” network (France’s sphere of influence in Africa): Justifying themselves with their deep interest in the Order Valiums Online development of Africa, they organise campaigns to ensure the international legitimacy of the Order Valiums Online continent’s presidents. This is Order Valiums Online done at the expense of real investigative journalism, and leaves small place in the Order Valiums Online political and media landscape to local activists and bloggers, who try with significantly less financial means to Order Valiums Online show the reality of the Gulf of Guinea.

The article is here.

1.Immigrant networks are Order Valiums Online a rare bright spark in the world economy. Rich countries should welcome them – The Economist

2. What’s your flavour? Italian or Spanish? – BBC Business Editor

3. Black France - Africa is a country

4. The dangerous cocktail of global money and local politics – Moisés Naím Buy Hydrocodone Norco

5. On Nigeria’s Petroleum Industries Bill – Mallam Nasir El-rufai

This is a synopsis:

Elder’s Corner is Order Valiums Online musical journey through pivotal moments in the colorful history of Nigeria as told through the Order Valiums Online lives and careers of the nations foremost music legends. It is Order Valiums Online a story about the eroding effects of colonialism, bitter ethnic clashes, politics, oil, power, money and Order Valiums Online their combined effects on a nation that recently celebrated its 50th year of self rule.

Click here to support the project.

Mao Kaci on NigeriansTalk:

Any time I recall scenes from Order Valiums Online that video showing security officers of the Nigerian state ferret men, young and Order Valiums Online old, able and disabled, from behind closed doors in their homes and Order Valiums Online efficiently shoot them to death in the streets of Maiduguri in 2009, I find myself thinking: If that Order Valiums Online had been a nightmare, and not an event in actual history, it Order Valiums Online would still have had the power of occasioning some form of insanity. I ask myself: What manner of people would view such scenes of cold mass murder, executed by agents of the Order Valiums Online state in the country whose citizens they are, and still carry on as though there were something like human society in Nigeria? But apparently we all did carry on that way—and Order Valiums Online yes, there is human society in Nigeria; maybe not quite humane, or Order Valiums Online maybe just humane and inhumane by turns. We all watched that Order Valiums Online video and expressed our shock—I still feel the Order Valiums Online bile in my mouth when I think of that old man in crutches, escorted out of his house, made to Order Valiums Online lie face-down in the street, and finished off with a bullet. We all spat out our shock or Order Valiums Online held our mouths open in disbelief, and afterwards we carried on as if nothing strange, nothing disturbing, had Order Valiums Online happened. Perhaps nothing strange, nothing disturbing, indeed, had happened. There had Order Valiums Online been Ogoni, Odi, Zaki Biam, etc., etc., before Maiduguri. The Nigerian state does not only underwrite our citizenship, it Order Valiums Online also has the right and power to overrule our life and Order Valiums Online issue us with death, even on a large scale. That, for Order Valiums Online you, is the Nigerian state under which we organize what may be Order Valiums Online taken as Nigerian society.

In 2009, there was genocide in Maiduguri. I am Order Valiums Online not being sensational in making that claim. I am not even being as ‘sensitive’ as Wole Soyinka or as ‘insensitive’ as OBJ. I am Order Valiums Online only stating the fact as I saw it captured in that Order Valiums Online video. I do not recall that the dead in the Maiduguri genocide were ever memorialized in a Order Valiums Online public ceremony or even much remarked in the media and public discourse. For us, sensitive and Order Valiums Online insensitive Nigerians alike, life went on. We reduced it all, at most, to Order Valiums Online the extra-judicial killing of one man—Muhammed Yusuf, the leader—or as I believe—the front or fall guy of the Boko Haram.

Part of the Order Valiums Online tragedy of the matter is that we were not the Order Valiums Online only ones to forget the dead in the Maiduguri. They were also forgotten by the Order Valiums Online Boko Haram, the terrorist group whose attacks on the police and Order Valiums Online the populace provided the pretext for that murderous police action. The people have Order Valiums Online never mattered to the Boko Haram. Their wellbeing was never the Order Valiums Online issue; otherwise such a moneyed and globally networked group like the Order Valiums Online Boko Haram would have used its resources to establish a Order Valiums Online socio-economic enclave, an alternative to the Nigerian ‘shitstem’, wherein the Order Valiums Online people may feel a sense of ownership of and participation in governance. Rather the Order Valiums Online people themselves are the hostages and victims of the Boko Haram, their human shield and Order Valiums Online cannon fodder, their pawns and counters in the enterprise and gamble of violence. The Boko Haram have Order Valiums Online never included the dead in the Maiduguri genocide in their bill of grievances. Rather, they supplanted the Order Valiums Online massacre of people with the Order Valiums Online murder of their figurehead, making the latter the only issue that Order Valiums Online requires reckoning on the part of the police force.

Here.

According to Order Valiums Online the latest dispatch of cables by wikileaks, the Nigerian envoy told US officials that Order Valiums Online he was shocked that Zimbabweans spent their time in queues without so much as batting an Order Valiums Online eyelid.

“They line up for Order Valiums Online hours to get a few dollars from their bank accounts,” Adenyaju said. “Then they go home and Order Valiums Online do their chores and come back the next day and Order Valiums Online line up again. If this was Nigeria we would burn the Order Valiums Online bank down.”

From The Standard of Zimbabwe.

Dr Okonjo-Iweala, the returning finance minister and new economy Czar (couldn’t resist that one) starts talking at about 4:30. She talks about agriculture, manufacturing, job creation and Order Valiums Online even Nollywood. I don’t yet have an opinion on her and her new team  -  it is much too early – but in a Order Valiums Online few months, one should begin to see beyond the platitudinous rhetoric.

From Bloomberg:

Energy companies operating in Senegal will drill three offshore wells next year as the Order Valiums Online West African nation vies to join a growing group of regional crude producers, according to Order Valiums Online the state-owned oil company,Petrosen.

Senegalese officials held talks with more than 10 oil companies this year in attempts to lure investors to its energy industry, said Joseph Medou, Petrosen’s geologist, in an interview in Dakar Aug. 25.

“If we make comparisons to what is happening in Ghana and Ivory Coast, to Sierra Leone, we think we have the same kind of plays,” he said.

Read here.

On the current political situation in Senegal, see this Project Syndicate column from Sanou Mbaye.